Galvanic cell.



' 'MonnUor-In KAJPLAN, or isnooxi'ivn, new ELECTRIC 00., 1nd, on NEW YORK, N.

earner.

inrrnn ermine nmrnur onnibn,

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, Monsoon L. KAPLAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Galvanic Cells, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to galvanic cells of the Leclanch type consisting of a negative the purpose, although an artificial form of the dioxid or peroxid containing water of hydration has been employed to some extent. The hydrated compounds used so far as I can determine, have been of a haphazard or nondescript character lacking definite or well-defined chemical composition. In consequence such variation in the degree of hydration has led to lack of uniformity in operation, as mixed hydrates apparently have indeterminate rates of depolarization. In other words, the reaction velocity of depolarization depends on the nature ofthe hydrate and when a composition of an indefinite degree of hydration perhaps containing several forms of hydrated manganese material, is used the efiiciency of the battery is correspondingly modified or seriously impaired. According to my invention a form of hydrate of substantially unitary composition and of a substantially uniform quality is employed and in consequence the galvanic cell derived by the use of such material possesses a degree of efliciency and longevity of a very marked character.

In .organizing the galvanic cell under the present invention, I prepare a hydrate of the character specified by oxidizing a mixture of, for example, manganese hydrox1 il,in

YORK, gssreuon 'I'O Beacon ivmxrrnrunn Y., A CORPORATION on NEW Yonxf GALVANIG CELL.

m' l Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 3, 191?.

Application filedql'une 1, 1914. ser al no. 842,022.

Ac acid. The final product has the formula MnO .%H O or QMHOTHZO or (2MnO 11 0), the latter formula perhaps being more correct as representing a complex molecule containing manganese dioxid and water in about the proportions designated.

The resultant product is a fine owder of dark brown or brownish color an possesses pronounced depolarizing properties.

The presence of water in about the proportion specified is responsible for the activity of the. depolarizing agent and this property may be due to the union of the hydration water with the manganese peroxid to form an acid represented by the formula for 2MI12O5- I Prepared in this manner the depolarizing agent is incorporated with the other elements of the galvanic cell and the organizertion so obtained as well as the process of preparation of the depolarizing agent constitutes the present invention. a

What I claim is: 1. A process of preparing a use m'galvanic cells of the Leclanch type which comprises oxidizing a mixture of manganese hydroxid and -a solution of a dark brown hydrate of manganese peroxid adapted for.

of a hot solution of pomanganous salt with a hot solution of potasslum permanganate.

2. A process of preparing .a hydrate of manganese peroxid adapted for use in galvanic cells of the Leclanch type, which. comprises ox1d1z1ng a mixture of manganous hydroxid and a manganous salt with potassium permanganate.

3. Av process of preparing a hydrate of manganese peroxid adapted "for use in galvanic cells of the- Leclanch type, which manganese p comprises oxidizing a mixture of inanganous hydroxid and a" lnanganous salt with a powerful compatible oxidizing agent, C0111- prising a sol blegsalt of a permanganic acid.

4:. A- pr ofpreparmg a hydrate of fxida'adapted for use in 'galvanic cells of the-Ee'clanch type'which co nprises treating a mixture of two equivalents of manganous hydroxid and one equivalent of a manganous salt with two equivalents of potassium permanganate.

5. A process of preparing a hydrate of manganese peroxid adapted for use in galvanic cells of the Leclanche' type which comprises treating two equivalents of manganese' hydroxid and one equivalent of manganous salt with a hot solution containing two equivalents of potassium perl'nanganate.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 20 May, A. D. 1914.

29th day of MORDUCH L. KAPLAN.

Witnesses: I

ARTHUR MARION,

OHAS.- C. GILL. 

